Publication Date

Fall 2000

Degree Type

Master's Project

Degree Name

Master of Urban Planning (MUP)

Department

Urban and Regional Planning

Abstract

Since the late 1800s land-use planning in America has existed to separate manufacturing, commercial, residential, and agricultural activities to “encourage orderly management into the building and maintenance of cities. One of the first examples of regulating the location of urban land-use activities occurred in New York City. In 1916 a group of prosperous Fifth Avenue merchants wanted to halt the encroachment of Lower Manhattan garment manufacturers to the Upper East Side. The Fifth Avenue Association claimed that such loft buildings would “ruin the ambiance of the streets for their customers”^ by intruding on the residential neighborhood and impacting the property values on which the Association’s commercial ventures relied. Through the development of zoning ordinances that regulated the geographic location of manufacturing activities, the garment industry was successfully driven away from the Upper East Side. Such ordinances were established throughout many industrial cities of the Northeast and Midwest in the early 1920s to prevent the expansion of industrial uses into residential neighborhoods.

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