Toward AI Standardization: A Triadic Human-AI Collaboration Framework for Multi-Level Autonomous Mobility
Publication Date
1-1-2025
Document Type
Conference Proceeding
Publication Title
Proceedings 2025 IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence Cai 2025
DOI
10.1109/CAI64502.2025.00292
First Page
1568
Last Page
1577
Abstract
The goal of the current study is to introduce a triadic human-AI collaboration framework that could be applied in transportation systems such as automated vehicles, micromobility systems, and vehicle teleoperation. Previous standards (e.g., SAE Levels of Automation) have focused on defining automation levels based on who controls the vehicle. However, it is still not clear how human users and AI should collaborate in realtime, especially in dynamic driving contexts where roles can shift frequently. To fill the gap, this study proposed a triadic human-AI collaboration framework with three AI roles (i.e., Advisor, CoPilot, and Guardian) that can dynamically adapt to human needs based on real-time data, such as mental states and environmental conditions. The Advisor AI offers informational support without direct intervention; the Co-Pilot AI provides partial intervention when needed, with the goal of sharing control with humans; the Guardian AI performs emergency overrides if necessary. The use cases for these AI roles in the context of micromobility devices (i.e., e-scooters) are presented to demonstrate how these roles can influence user preferences and trust. Overall, the study takes a first step toward a universal role-based collaborative framework for AI standardization and explores how AI technologies can be embedded in future transportation systems while considering human interactions.
Funding Number
69A3552348328
Funding Sponsor
U.S. Department of Transportation
Keywords
AI Agents, AI Standardization, Human-AI Collaboration, Human-AI Teaming, Human-Centered AI, Triadic Framework, Vehicle Automation
Department
Industrial and Systems Engineering
Recommended Citation
Gaojian Huang, Wei Hsiang Lo, Guannan Liu, Yue Luo, and Yantong Jin. "Toward AI Standardization: A Triadic Human-AI Collaboration Framework for Multi-Level Autonomous Mobility" Proceedings 2025 IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence Cai 2025 (2025): 1568-1577. https://doi.org/10.1109/CAI64502.2025.00292
