Data Centers and Water: Challenges and Solutions for Sustainable Cooling

Leila Khatib, San Jose State University
Anh Pham, San Jose State University
Khaled Ahmed, Intel Corporation
Val S. Frenkel, TYLin

Abstract

Data center operations require vast quantities of water, often in regions where access is limited. As data centers expand to meet the surging demands of artificial intelligence and high-performance computing, their water and energy use has become a pressing challenge. Data centers’ water use results in potential ecological risks from discharge of heated water and elevated salinity. Innovative strategies can help data centers mitigate the negative effects they have on water supply and environmental health.