Publication Date

Spring 2024

Degree Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Psychology

Advisor

Howard Tokunaga; Megumi Hosada; Thanhtam Van

Abstract

Depression affects 1 in 5 unemployed individuals, holding rank as one of the most prevalent negative effects of unemployment in the United States. Personality is often considered a predictor of the development of depressive symptoms during unemployment however, there is little research to explain the relationship between personality and depression. The purpose of this study was to expand on the relationship between personality and depressive symptoms in the American unemployed population by testing self-efficacy’s mediating effect between personality and depressive symptoms in the American unemployed population. A sample of 121 participants, who were either currently or recently unemployed, completed an online survey measuring personality, self-efficacy, and depression. Results found that unemployed individuals with low levels of conscientiousness, extraversion or high levels of neuroticism had lower levels of self-efficacy and were, in turn, more likely to develop depressive symptoms. These results suggest that individuals who are disorganized, keep to themselves, or experience frequent mood swings place less confidence in their ability to achieve success, and, as a result, are more likely to experience feelings of hopelessness, anhedonia, and fatigue while unemployed. These findings highlight the importance of self-efficacy on the relationship between personality and depression and how it can help individuals cope during stressful life events.

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